1) Export & Import
Exports reached $1,362 million
in 1997, an increase of 7.3% from $1,182 million in
1996, Imports reached $4,245 million in 1997, an decrease
of 1.3%. The largest export sector was dyes & pigments
with $367 million in 1997, an export increase of 17.4%
from $266 million from 1995, accounting for 27% of total
exports. The next largest export sector was pharmaceuticals,
20.3% of exports with $277 million. The largest export
increase sector was cosmetics & perfumery(34.0%);
followed by adhesives(28.5%); agrochemicals(20.4%);
dyes and pigments(17.4%); and photo-chemicals(11.9%)
The largest import sector in
1997 was dyes & pigments with $708 million, followed
by pharmaceuticals with $608 million and photo-chemicals
with $604 million. The above 3 sectors were 45% of the
whole imports.
The sector with largest import
increase in 1997 was cosmetics & perfumery(14.3%);
followed by the paints & inks(9.1%). The sectors
of paints & inks and pharmaceutical recorded higher
increase rates in imports than exports.
Exports and Imports in Various
Fields
(Unit
: USD Thousand, %)
Year
Sector |
1985 |
1990 |
1993 |
1995 |
1997 |
Growth
Rate |
'95¡'97 |
'85¡'97 |
Dyes
& Pigment |
Export |
20,460 |
130,705 |
194,438 |
266,383 |
367,303 |
17.4 |
27.2 |
Import |
169,999 |
505,948 |
581,527 |
719,856 |
707,642 |
-0.9 |
12.6 |
Agrochemicals |
Export |
8,703 |
7,395 |
7,432 |
18,523 |
26,840 |
20.4 |
9.8 |
Import |
16,894 |
19,473 |
40,854 |
53,155 |
53,036 |
-0.1 |
10.0 |
Paints
& Inks |
Export |
10,650 |
29,635 |
75,911 |
150,472 |
155,278 |
1.6 |
25.0 |
Import |
48,918 |
65,447 |
92,696 |
160,663 |
191,228 |
9.1 |
12.0 |
Pharmaceuti-
cals |
Export |
33,984 |
106,960 |
172,815 |
247,867 |
276,794 |
5.7 |
19.1 |
Import |
88,593 |
220,295 |
375,864 |
539,693 |
607,742 |
6.1 |
17.4 |
surfactants |
Export |
2,495 |
19,395 |
30,495 |
74,826 |
83,412 |
5.6 |
34.0 |
Import |
37,157 |
82,841 |
96,815 |
123,649 |
131,535 |
3.1 |
11.1 |
Cosmetics
&
Perfumery |
Export |
2,634 |
18,575 |
31,295 |
47,645 |
85,534 |
31.0 |
33.6 |
Import |
38,785 |
146,644 |
203,977 |
354,636 |
463,384 |
14.3 |
23.0 |
Adhesives |
Export |
1,540 |
13,454 |
31,079 |
57,743 |
95,356 |
28.5 |
41.0 |
Import |
14,803 |
74,929 |
70,817 |
103,345 |
92,888 |
-5.2 |
16.5 |
Photo-
Chemicals |
Export |
6,577 |
29,601 |
46,023 |
57,608 |
72,121 |
11.9 |
22.1 |
Import |
94,623 |
283,316 |
389,053 |
560,260 |
604,176 |
3.8 |
16.7 |
Others |
Export |
19,170 |
47,153 |
180,147 |
261,668 |
199,085 |
-12.8 |
21.5 |
Import |
239,340 |
798,371 |
1,244,173 |
1,742, |
1,392,826 |
-10.6 |
15.8 |
Total |
Export |
106,213 |
402,873 |
957,998 |
1,182, |
1,361,723 |
7.3 |
23.7 |
Import |
749,112 |
2,198,264 |
3,447,241 |
4,357, |
4,235,457 |
-1.3 |
15.6 |
Source
: Statistical Yearbook of Foreign Trade(Korean Customs
Administration)
2) Export & Import of Each Nation
Global exports of this industry
increased to $1,362 Million in 1997, an increase of
23.5%. Of this total amount the industrialized nations
received $525 million, an increase of 1.3%. The remainder
of the exports, $837 million, went to South East Asian
nations and other areas which also recorded an increase
of 11.7%. The largest exporting nation was China with
exports worth $224 million; followed by China with $223
million; the USA with $157 million; and Japan with $146
million. Exports to Japan decreased to 19.0% in 1997
compared with 1995.
Global imports in 1997 decreased
by 1.3% to $4,246 million from $4,357 million in 1995.
Imports by the USA, Europe and other industrial nations
accounted for 83.0% of the whole industry imports. Especially,
imports by Japan and the USA accounted for 31.7% and
21.4% respectively, for 53.1% of the total imports of
the industry.
Export & import of Each
Nation
(Unit
: USD Thousand, %)
Year
Nation |
Export |
Import |
1995 |
1997 |
Growth
Rate |
1995 |
1997 |
Growth
Rate |
Japan
USA
Europe
China
HongKong
Indonesia
Taiwan
Others |
221,916
117,633
172,096
157,962
105,250
82,648
60,242
264,988 |
145,563
156,838
223,046
224,062
119,431
90,776
53,520
348,487 |
-19.0
15.5
13.8
19.1
6.5
4.8
-5.7
14.7 |
1,489,606
861,675
1,340,577
90,616
16,813
11,898
71,108
475,124 |
1,346,506
907,207
1,269,090
123,897
11,109
20,745
58,497
508,496 |
-5.9
2.6
-0.3
16.9
-18.7
32.0
-9.3
3.5 |
Total |
1,182,735 |
1,361,723 |
7.3 |
4,357,417 |
4,245,547 |
-1.3 |
3) Balance of Trade
Trade deficit in the specialty
chemical industry decreased by 9.1% to $2,884 million
in 1997 from $3,174 million in 1995; improvement in
the deficit balance of trade is continuously requited.
The Korean trade deficit with
advanced nations was $2,997 million in 1997, which was
higher than the trade deficit of $2,284 million in the
global specialty chemical industry trade, The Korean
trade surplus with South East Asian nations and other
nations in 1997 reached $110.5 million, an increase
from $5.5 million in 1995.
Nations with large trade deficits
were Japan($1,201 million), Europe($1,046 million),
and USA($750 million). Nations with the largest trade
surpluses were HongKong($108 million), China($100 million)
and indonesia($70 million), China increased its trade
surplus the most(87.8%). In Taiwan the trade deficit
of $11 million in 1995 improved to a trade deficit of
$5 million in 1997.
4) Relative Importance
of Exports and Imports
Export
share of the specialty chemical industry
in the whole manufacturing industry in 1997
reached 1.1%, a similar to the share in
1995. Export share in the chemical industry
reached 11.8% in 1997, a 0.1% decrease from
11.9% in 1995.
Import
share of the specialty chemical industry
in the manufacturing industry was 4.2% in
1997. Import share of the specialty chemical
industry in the whole chemical industry
was 30.6% in 1997, a 0.2% increase from
the 30.4% share in 1995. However, the trade
deficit share of the increased by 53.0%,
reaching 124.7% in 1997 from 76.7% in 1995,
which showed the specialty chemical industry
trade deficit increasing gradually. |
|
5) Comparison of Export & Import
Dependence Rate
Export share of the specialty
chemical industry increased by 0.7% to 8.3% in 1997
from 7.6% in 1995. The sector export shares higher than
the whole specialty chemical industry export rate were
from the sectors of dyes & pigments(35.5%), adhesives(16.9%)
and surfactants(10.0%). The remaining sectors including
pharmaceuticals recorded export rates lower than the
whole export rates of the specialty chemical industry.
The sector which recorded the highest export share increases
in 1997 from 1995 was adhesives(38.6%); agrochemicals
increased by 31.7%, and dyes & pigments by 11.4%.
|
